Introducing a potential new era of highly efficient and sustainable aircraft poised to revolutionize the skies, Airbus’s latest prototype is not just a feat of advanced science but also a prime example of biomimetics. In this particular case, the innovative design seeks to emulate the adaptive capabilities of bird wings during flight. Dubbed the eXtra Performance Wing, this groundbreaking innovation aims to mitigate the impact of turbulence.
This article will explore:
What is biomimetics?
For those unfamiliar with biomimetics, it involves developing techniques and technologies inspired by principles and structures found in the natural world. There are three primary approaches to biomimetics, which involve replicating shapes and structures, processes, and ecosystems. A classic example of biomimetics based on mimicking shapes and structures is Velcro, invented after a Swiss engineer noticed the burdock seeds’ ability to cling onto different surfaces.
Bird wings for an airplane
In a test flight conducted by Airbus in 2019, the AlbatrossOne aircraft, emulating the flight dynamics of albatrosses, showcased wingtips capable of independent movement, similar to those of the birds. These innovative wing design features semi-elastic hinges that respond to strong winds, reducing wing loads and the need for additional structural reinforcement. The current eXtra Wing Performance project is continuing this biomimetic trend with a scaled-down Cessna aircraft.
This advanced system represents a significant leap forward in applying biomimetic technologies, expected to undergo wind tunnel testing before potential integration into commercial aviation. The technology includes wind sensors, movable flaps, and multifunctional trailing edges, all inspired by the adaptive characteristics of eagles in flight. This development marks a crucial milestone in the journey towards adaptive wings for more sustainable aviation.
Airbus notes that these innovative technologies can be integrated into existing aircraft models without requiring modifications to their propulsion systems. The resulting efficiency improvements are expected to reduce costs and greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with the company’s commitment to green hydrogen-powered aircraft.
Other examples of biomimetics
The transportation industry is rife with biomimetic examples, drawing inspiration from the movement patterns of animals and insects. From drones mimicking storks’ flight patterns to technology inspired by sunflowers for sustainable architectural solutions, biomimetics spans various sectors, including construction and fashion.
- An Oxford-based company is developing drones modeled after animals, such as a glider drone inspired by storks.
- Technology inspired by ferns is being used to address oil spills at sea.
- Geckos and slugs have inspired innovative adhesive technologies for various purposes.
- Architectural solutions inspired by nature, such as a house with sun-tracking photovoltaic panels, showcase the potential of biomimetics in sustainable design.
- Construction materials, like cement inspired by mantis shrimp, demonstrate the potential for biomimetic innovations.
- Unique applications like the “Biomimicry” dress, made from recycled materials and able to transform dynamically like a flower, highlight the creative possibilities of biomimetics.
If you have come across any intriguing examples of biomimetics that captured your attention, feel free to share them in the comments section!
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